•kkjr esa eSaFkk ds tud in~eJh lq'khy lgk; dk lk{kkRdkj 
•kkjr dk gjsd /kjrh iq= bauksosfVo
&m-ç-lekpkj lsok&
tSfod [ksrh D;ksa t:jh gS \ NksVs dk'rdkjksa dk xkaoksa ls iyk;u D;ksa \ is;ty ladV dk lcc D;k gS \ vkRegR;k D;ksa dj jgs gSa vUunkrk \ th,e [ksrh D;ksa] vkSj D;ksa ugha \ vkf[kj /kjrh iq=ksa dks dSls feys cktkj ewY; \ bu pqfuank ToyUr lokyksa dk cM+h gh csckdh ls tokc fn;k in~eJh Jh lq'khy lgk; usA ;wa rks Jh lgk; ds fo/kk;d nknk Jh gjlgk; xqIrk dh [okfg'k Fkh fd mudk iksrk dkuwu dh i<kbZ djds odkyr djs ysfdu Jh lq'khy lgk; ds eu esa rks dqN vkSj gh ?kwe jgk FkkA ;g lgh gS fd in~eJh ds fo/kk;d nknk jkuhfrK Fks] ysfdu fl;klr ds lkFk&lkFk [ksrh ds •kh ikj[kh FksA y[kuÅ ds ckn iaruxj —f"k fo'ofo|ky; mudk nwljk fBdkuk jgkA Jh lq'khy lgk; •kh cpiu ls gh nknk dh maxyh idM+dj d•kh y[kuÅ ds fl;klh xfy;kjksa rks d•kh iaruxj fo'ofo|ky; dh ySc esa vkrs&tkrs jgsA Jh lq'khy lgk; dks [ksrksa dh ekVh ls dc çse gks x;k] lgh&lgh rks ;g mUgsa •kh ugha irkA 
y[kuÅ ls Ldwfyax vkSj bykgkckn dh viuh ufugky ls y‚ xzstq,V djus ds ckn muds nknk 1967 esa mUgsa fcykjh ¼eqjknkckn½ ls uokcksa ds 'kgj jkeiqj ys x,A iaruxj dh nwfja;k vc vkSj de gks xbZaA iaruxj fo'ofo|ky; us gkFk c<+k;k rks rstrjkZj ;qok lq'khy lgk; ihNs jgus okys dgka FksA mUgksaus iaruxj fofo ds eSaFkk ij 'kks/k djus ds çLrko dks yiddj lg"kZ Lohdkj dj fy;kA iaruxj fofo vkSj lq'khy lgk; ,d er Fks fd •kkjrh; dk'rdkjksa dks vesfjdk ds gqDejkuksa ds gkFkksa yqVus ls cpk;k tk,A tks eSaFkk vkW;y cktkj esa Ng lkS #i, fdyks gksrk Fkk] mls foDl cukus okyh vesfjdu daiuh egt lkB #i, esa [kjhnrh FkhA ;g ns[kdj iaruxj —f"k fofo ds —f"k oSKkfudksa vkSj lq'khy lgk; dks jkrksa uhan ugha vkrh FkhA gj iy os ;gh lksprs fd eSaFkk dh •kkjrh; mÙke çtkfr dSls cukbZ tk, rkfd •kkjrh; fdlku vesfjdk dkjksckjh ds gkFkksa dh dBiqryh u cu ldsA 
in~eJh Jh lq'khy lgk; ls [ksr&[kfygku ls ysdj ljdkj dh —f"k uhfr rd muds jkeiqj vkokl ij mÙkj çns'k lekpkj lsok ds fy, ofj"B i=dkj ';ke lqanj •kkfV;k us rhu ?kaVs dh yEch ckrphr dh] ftlesa reke loky fd, x,A in~eJh lq'khy lgk; us ckY;koLFkk ls ysdj Ldwfyax] d‚yst] nknk ls ysdj firk ds dkjksckj rd dk lQj] [ksr çse vkSj f'kokfyd&88 ds fy, in~eJh vo‚MZ rd gj loky ds l/ks tokc fn,A 2005 esa jk"Vªifr ,ihts vCnqy dyke ds gkFkksa in~eJh ls lEekfur 72 lky ds Jh lq'khy lgk; ls ckrphr ds eq[; va'k gSa&
& nknk fl;klhnka] firk dkjksckjh vkSj ukuk U;kf;d vQlj vkSj vki —f"k oSKkfud dSls cu x, \ dSls gqvk ;g peRdkj \
& ;g peRdkj ugha gSA ;g ,d yEch dgkuh gSA blds ihNs /kjrh iq=ksa dk ilhuk] nnZ] vkfFkZd nksgu ljh[ks loky fNis gSaA jkeiqj dh fcykliqj rglhy dk vkius uke lquk gksxkA foDl cukus okyh vesfjdu daiuh fjpMZlu&foDl us 1960 esa fcykliqj esa eSaFkk dh ,d QSDVªh yxkbZA czkthy ls eSaFkk dh tM+ksa dks ykdj jkeiqj vkSj lE•ky ds çksxzsflo dk'rdkjksa dks [ksrh djus ds fy, forfjr fd;kA eSaFkk vkW;y ds fy, fdlkuksa dh Qly ;g vesfjdu daiuh [kjhnrh Fkh] ysfdu fdlkuksa dks cktkj ewY; ,d cVk nl gh nsrh FkhA ;g ns[kdj vkSj lqudj eSa gSjr esa jg tkrk Fkk fd jkr&fnu esgur djds fdlku eSaFkk dh [ksrh djsa] ysfdu cktkj ewY; u ds cjkcj feys rks ;g eq>s ijk/khurk dh ;kn fnykrk FkkA iaruxj —f"k fo'ofo|ky; ds vkyk vQljksa ds lkFk feydj eSaus csgrj fodYi ryk'kkA 
& vesfjdu nknkfxjh ls NqVdkjs dks vkius D;k fodYi ryk'ks \
& iaruxj —f"k fofo us 1986 esa eq>s eSaFkk dh pkj çdkj dh tM+sa nsdj dgk fd vki gh 'kks/k dhft, fd buesa ls csgrj Qly fdldh gksxh \ eSaus pkjksa tM+ksa dks cks dj ;g 'kks/k fd;k fd fdldh MaMh etcwr gSA iÙkk tkunkj gSA rsy fdlesa vf/kd gSA nks lky ds vuqla/kku ds ckn ckbZ&lysD'ku f'kokfyd&88 eSaFkk btkn gqbZA blls fdlku lky esa rhu Qly ys ldrk FkkA ckn esa f'kokfyd&88 ij gh dsaæ ljdkj us 2005 esa eq>s in~eJh ls uoktkA
& ;fn vkidks •kkjr esa eSaFkk dk tud ;k Qknj vkWQ bafM;u eSaFkk dgk tk, rks dksbZ vfr';ksfä ugha gksuh pkfg,-------\
& gka] ;g ckr lp gS fd foDl dh vesfjdk fuekrkZ daiuh us fgUnqLrku esa lcls igys fcykliqj&jkeiqj esa vkW;y QSDVªh yxkbZA jkeiqj vkSj lE•ky ds fdlkuksa dks djhc 1960 esa tM+sa nsdj eSaFkk dh [ksrh çkjE•k djkbZA eSaFkk ds fy, eqjknkckn eaMy dh tyok;q vuqdwy gSA eSaFkk dh Qly dks xeZ rkieku dh njdkj gSA ikuh T;knk pkfg,A vc rks ;wih ds vykok fcgkj] iatkc vkSj ,eih esa •kh cM+s iSekus ij eSaFkk dh [ksrh gksrh gSA •kkjr esa bldk lykuk dkjksckj pkj gtkj djksM+ #i, dk gSA ;g uxnh Qly dgh tkrh gSA 
& vkius y?kq dk'rdkjksa ds fy, D;k Mk;jsDV fMLVhys'ku flLVe dks •kh fodflr fd;k gS \
& gka----- ;fn ,slk u djrs rks e>ys /kjrh iq=ksa dks vkfFkZd nksgu ls dSls cpk ikrs \ igys vesfjdu daiuh [kwu pwl jgh Fkh] vc vius u NksM+rsA •kkfV;k th] vkidks ;g tkudj [kq'kh gksxh fd esjs nknk th Jh gjlgk; xqIrk us phuh fey ds y?kq :i 'kqxj Øs'kj dk vfo"dkj fd;k FkkA phuh feyksa esa rks oSD;we iSu flLVe gksrk gS tcfd Øs'klZ ds fy, nknk th us vksfiu iSu flLVe btkn fd;kA eSaus ogka ns[kk fd cM+s&cM+s dM+kgksa esa jl idrk gSA ;gha ls eSus LVhe cukus dh çfØ;k dks tku fy;k vkSj Mk;jsDV fMLVhys'ku flLVe dks fodflr dj fn;kA fQj D;k Fkk-------\ Mk;jsDV fMLVhys'ku flLVe dh Økafr vk xbZA NksVs ls NksVs dk'rdkjksa us vius [ksr ij Mk;jsDV fMLVhys'ku flLVe yxk fy,A eSaFkk ls rsy fudkyrs vkSj viuh lqfo/kkuqlkj cktkj esa csp nsrs ;k ?kj esa LVksj dj ysrsA cktkj esa rsth gksus ij csp nsrsA •kkfV;k th] ;g tkudkj vkidks gSjr gksxh fd eSaFkk dk vkW;y d•kh [kjkc ugha gksrkA 
& in~eJh lq'khy lgk; mYVs eq>ls •kh ,d loky iwNrs gSa & •kkfV;k th] vkidks irk gS fd gfjr Økafr dk Js; fdls tkrk gS \
& blls igys fd eSa tokc nsrk] og cksys] iaruxj —f"k fo'ofo|ky; dks gh gfjr Økafr dk Js; tkrk gSA og iwoZ ç/kkuea=h yky cgknqj 'kkL=h dk Lej.k djuk ugha •kwyrsA og dgrs gSa fd dk'rdkj dks bTtr pkfg,A ^t; toku& t; fdlku* ds ukjs esa /kjrh iq=ksa dh bTtr lekfgr gSA d•kh xsagw bEiksVZ gksrk FkkA 'kkL=h th us dk'rdkjksa ls xsgwa cksus dk vkºoku fd;kA mUgksaus ih,e gkml ds y‚u esa •kh xsagw cqok fn;kA vki ns[krs gh gSa fd vkt ge xsgwa esa vkRefu•kZj gSaA iaruxj fofo us xsgwa dh csLV fdLe lksukfydk cukbZA blhfy, gfjr Økafr dk Js; iaruxj fofo dks tkrk gSA iaruxj dh csYV iSnkokj ds ekeys esa vkt •kh fo'o eSi esa gSA •kkfV;k th] lp ekfu, laokn ls gh bauksos'ku dk jkLrk fudyrk gSA de mit okyk T;knk iSnkokj djus okys dk'rdkj ls ckj&ckj laokn djds vxyh ckj viuk mRikn c<+k ysrk gSA bl çdkj ,d fdlku] nwljs fdlku ds fy, —f"k oSKkfud ls de ugha gksrkA esjh utj esa rks •kkjr dk gj dk'rdkj bauksosfVo gSA
& NksVs dk'rdkjksa ds fy, vki nwr ds leku gSaA eSaFkk esa f'kokfyd&88 çtkfr ds 'kks/k ds ckn vc vki fdl fjlpZ esa tqVs gSa \
& esjs fparu esa ges'kk NksVk dk'rdkj jgrk gSA tula[;k c<+ jgh gSA [ksr caV jgs gSaA NksVh tksr okys fdlku 'kgjksa dks iyk;u dj jgs gSaA ;g iyk;u Fkeuk pkfg,A NksVs [ksrksa ls T;knk ls T;knk vkenuh gks] bldks ysdj fjlpZ gksuh pkfg,A eSa vktdy ve:n dks ysdj fjlpZ esa tqVk gawA njvly ;g ewy fjlpZ rks dkdksjh dh gSA M‚- xksj[k flag us 2़1 ehVj ds vR;Ur l?ku cxhps dk 'kks/k fd;k gSA blesa çfr ,dM+ nks gtkj isM+ yx ldrs gSa] ysfdu eSaus 3़1-5 QqV dh nwjh ds cxhps ij viuk 'kks/k 'kq: fd;k gSA blesa ,d ,dM+ esa 9]680 isM+ yx ldrs gSa vkSj nks QqV Åaps bu isM+ksa ij nks lky ckn Qy vkus yxsaxsA vR;ar l?ku ckxokuh btjkby esa [kwc gksrh gSA ns'k ds 82 çfr'kr fdlkuksa ds ikl vkSlru <kbZ ,dM+ tehu gSA eSaus 'kks/k ds fy, jkeiqj uxfy;k esa •kh ve:n ds isM+ yxk, gq, gSa ftu ij tYn Qy vkus yxsaxsA 
& D;k ve:n dh ckxokuh ij gks jgs 'kks/k ds ckn NksVh tksr okyksa ds fnu cgqj tk,axs \
& FkksM+k pqi jgus ds ckn cksys] blds ckn •kh dk'rdkjksa dh nq'okfj;ka de ugha gSaA ,d ikS/ks dh dher djhc 35 #i, gSA ,d ,dM+ ds fy, fdlku dks de ls de 10]000 isM+ksa dh t#jr gSA bUgsa [kjhnus ds fy, mls lk<+s rhu yk[k #i, pkfg,A fdlku dgka ls yk, \ fdlkuksa dh ekyh gkyr [kjkc gSA blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd vR;ar l?ku [ksrh ;k ckxokuh NksVs tksr okyksa dh fdLer cny nsxhA in~eJh Jh lgk; bls nwljh Økafr ekurs gSaA
& th,e Qlyksa dh eq[kkyQr vkSj leFkZu dks ysdj vkidh D;k jk; gS \ D;k th,e Qlysa •kkjr ds i{k esa jgsaxh ;k ugha \
& loky fojks/k ;k leFkZu dk ugha gSA loky blds lDlsl dk gSA gesa fdlh •kh urhts ij igqapus ls igys ml Qly dk 'kks/k dj ysuk pkfg,A chVh ljlksa] chVh cSaxu] chVh pkoy] chVh f•kaMh] chVh VekVj dks dkuwuh ekU;rk feyus ls igys budk xgu ijh{k.k gks tkuk pkfg,A dM+ok lp ;g •kh gS fd caxyk ns'k esa th,e dk ijh{k.k Qsy gks pqdk gSA th,e Qlyksa dks ysdj cgqr lksp&fopkj dj QSlyk gksuk pkfg, D;ksafd ;g fdlkuksa ds dSfj;j ls •kh tqM+k gSA 
&/kjrh iq=ksa dh vk, fnu vkRegR;k djus dh [kcjsa feyrh gSaA blds fy, okLro esa dkSu nks"kh gS \
& tgka rd esjk ekuuk gS fd dk'rdkj dks d•kh •kh dtZ ysuk gh ugha pkfg,A ;g •kh lgh gS fd cSafdax lqfo/kk xkao&xkao rd ugha igqaph gS ,sls esa fdlku [kkldj NksVs tksr okys çkbosV lwn[kksjksa ds tky esa Qal tkrs gSaA ,d rjQ eksVk C;kt vkSj nwljh rjQ ?kkVs dh [ksrh mls ekj Mkyrh gSA eSa rks bl ckr dk i{k/kj gwa fd ftruh pknj mruk iSj QSykvksA
&ns'k esa [kkldj egkjk"Vª ds ykrwj vkSj jktLFkku •kh is;ty ladV ls tw> jgs gSaA D;k lek/kku gS\
& o"kkZ dk ikuh ,d= fd;k tk, ysfdu ,slk gks ugha jgkA blls vaMjxzkmaM o‚Vj ysoy •kh fxj jgk gSA rkykc ikV fn, x, gSaA tkuojksa ds lkeus •kh ihus ds ikuh dk ladV [kM+k gks x;kA xkao&xkao rkykc cuus pkfg, vkSj cjlkr dk ikuh ,d= gksuk pkfg,A
& fdlkuksa ds fy, cktkj vlarqyu dk loky dSls [kRe gks \ gd rks ;g gS fd mls Qly dk ykxr ewY; rd ugha fey ikrk gSA I;kt d•kh 100 #i, fdyks rks d•kh 2 #i, fdyks gks tkrk gS] ,slk D;ksa gS \
& ljdkj ekufldrk cnys rks dk'rdkjksa ds fnu cgqj tk,aA lp rks ;g gS fd 'kgj vkSj xkao dh fgLlsnkjh 50&50 çfr'kr dh gks xbZ gSA esjs dgus dk eryc gS fd xkao dk 'kgjksa esa foy; gks x;k gSA bl rjg xkao dh la[;k de gks xbZ gS vkSj 'kgjksa dk nk;jk c<+ x;k gSA mRikndksa vkSj mi•ksäkvksa dks cSBkdj ljdkj ewY; r; dj ns rks dkykcktkjh Fke tk,A fdlkuksa dk •kh •kyk gks tk, vkSj mi•ksäk •kh Bxk u tk,A ljdkj l[rh ls ;g r; dj ns fd r; ewY; ls T;knk cspus ij dkjksckfj;ksa dks dBksj ltk feysxh rks blesa lcdk •kyk gSA 
& tSfod [ksrh ds ckjs esa vki D;k lksprs gSa \
& NksVk fdlku ijh{k.k dh gSfl;r esa ugha gSA lp ;g gS fd vkWxsZfud [ksrh rhu lky rd ?kkVs dk lkSnk gSA brus le; esa fdlku VwV tkrk gSA Lokby daotZu gksrk gSA dgus dk eryc gS fd rhu lky ckn feêh vius okLrfod jax esa vkrh gSA 
& vkSj var esa------ vki dqN vkSj dguk pkgsaxs----- \
& fMªi bfjxs'ku flLVe vkt dh t:jr gSA blls u dsoy ikuh vkSj moZjd dh cpr gksrh gS cfYd mRiknu •kh vf/kd gksrk gSA bl ç.kkyh dks rfeyukMq ,xzhdYpj ;wfuoflZVh us btkn fd;k gSA blesa le; ij [kkn le; ij ikuh vkSj fdruk nsuk gS] bldk [kkl /;ku j[kk tkrk gSA vk/kqfud fMªi flapkbZ ;dhuu nqfu;k dh lcls ewY;koku uokpkj cu x;k gSA 

lk{kkRdkjdrkZ dk ifjp;
;wih ds futh fo'ofo|ky; esa ehfM;k eSustj/e‚ld‚e QsdYVh gSaA e‚ld‚e esa xksYM esMfyLV gSaA ukephu lekpkj i=ksa esa 25 lky dk vuq•ko gSA pkj iqLrdsa çdkf'kr gqbZ gSaA 
eksckby: 7500200085